fix: rely on guild id instead of guild for buckets

[AstreaTSS]

Pull Request Type

• Feature addition
• Bugfix
• Documentation update
• Code refactor
• Tests improvement
• CI/CD pipeline enhancement
• Other: [Replace with a description]

Description

This PR fixes Buckets so that it uses guild_id instead of guild for verifying a guild exists for its various buckets. This allows it to work in scenarios where the guild attribute itself may return None, IE in scenarios where the guild cache is disabled. This also is likely less expensive than using the guild attribute.

Changes

• See the above and diff - there isn't a whole lot going on here.

Related Issues

Test Scenarios

• Set the guild cache to a null cache.
• Use a cooldown involving a guild.

Python Compatibility

• I've ensured my code works on Python 3.10.x
• I've ensured my code works on Python 3.11.x

Checklist

• I've run the pre-commit code linter over all edited files
• I've tested my changes on supported Python versions
• I've added tests for my code, if applicable
• I've updated / added documentation, where applicable